Rosario to Vampire

Now, let's discuss what I consider to be one of the best examples where the manga outshines the anime: Rosario + Vampire.

Story - 10/10

Fifteen-year-old Tsukune Aono enrolls at Youkai Academy because no other high school will accept him. On his way from the bus stop to the school, he bumps into a girl named Moka Akashiya, who turns out to be a vampire and promptly bites him. Upon reaching the school, Tsukune discovers it is actually a school for monsters, and Moka happens to be in his class.

The manga’s storyline isn't groundbreaking on its own, but it feels significantly different from the anime. This is mainly because the manga takes more time to develop its characters, unlike the anime which seems rushed in introducing all the first-season characters (I can't comment on the second season as I haven't seen it, and I understand the second season of the anime isn't based on the manga). While they establish that this is a harem by introducing Kurumu in the second chapter, subsequent character introductions feel natural rather than forced. Additionally, fight scenes in the manga are more serious with less fanservice, making them easier to take seriously. The manga also has a lot more content than the anime, though I won’t list everything to avoid spoilers and save time.

Art - 9/10

The anime's only advantage over the manga in terms of art is its color. Otherwise, I'd say the anime's art quality is a downgrade from the manga's (likely due to the studio responsible for the adaptation).

Character - 10/10

The personalities of the characters in the manga resemble their anime counterparts, but they have more development time, making them feel more fleshed out. Since the manga has more content, we see aspects of the characters not shown in the anime. For instance, Mizore and Kurumu's parents are introduced, showing how traits are passed down.

Enjoyment: 10/10

This manga has easily secured a spot in my top five favorites, and I'm definitely going to read the second season. Stay tuned for when I eventually review the manga's second season.

Recommended if you like: Sekirei, Claymore, Immortal Regis

Ever been so terrible at school that you can't pass an entrance exam? Well, that's how Tsukune felt until his parents enrolled him in Yokai Academy, a school with no entry requirements, ensuring he could receive a proper education. Tsukune believes the hardest part is over, but little does he know what lies ahead...

Story (6/10) - Naturally, a Manga offers more intricate storytelling than its Anime adaptation, and this one had a satisfying conclusion to set up for the sequel.

Art (7/10) - The artwork in the Manga initially differed from the Anime, which is expected. Overall, I found it quite good.

Character (6/10) - Being the outcast among the outcasts at his new school doesn't deter Tsukune from staying true to himself.

Enjoyment (6/10) - This was an enjoyable read, and I'm eager to dive into the sequel!

Overall (6.25/10) - Rosario + Vampire is intriguing, though it may not appeal to everyone. I'm curious to see how everything will wrap up...

Warning: This review may contain spoilers.

First impressions: After watching the subpar anime adaptation of this manga, which left a bad taste in my mouth, it made me curious about the original manga. I must admit, the manga is quite better, even though it falls into the generic battle harem category.

Story: 6/10

The story of "Rosario + Vampire" begins with our main character Tsukune, who has failed his high school entrance exams. Fortunately, his parents find a flyer for a private school called Yokai Academy that accepts students regardless of their academic performance. With little other choice, they decide to send him there. Little does he know that this school will change his life forever. On his first day, he runs into another student named Moka, whom he befriends. He soon discovers that Moka is a vampire and that this is a school for monsters, so they can fit into human society. There's a strict no-humans-allowed rule. Now, Tsukune must band together with Moka and his new monster friends to survive in this monster-only school.

You can pretty much tell from the start that this will be a generic, by-the-books school-life battle harem. For the most part, it plays out as expected. However, what sets it apart slightly is its interesting spin on the formula. It doesn't completely deviate from the typical setup where the guy meets a girl, gets involved in intense situations, accidentally develops a harem around him, and starts developing supernatural powers. The beginning is episodic and bare-bones at best, but the plot intensifies later on. It follows a monster-of-the-week formula, with Tsukune trying to fit in at the monster school while dealing with slice-of-life scenarios. As time progresses, he gets into more dangerous situations, like the student police force discovering he might be human and attempting to kill him. Thanks to Moka giving him temporary vampire powers, he survives and keeps the student police off his back. This leads to more intense monster-fighting situations, causing Tsukune to develop temporary vampire powers that take a toll on his body. Eventually, he starts becoming a monster himself, and the story becomes about him trying to protect his friends and aiming for human-monster coexistence while keeping his humanity intact.

The ending isn't really an ending; it's just the end of part one due to reasons. If you want to see the full story, go read part two. While I've seen this type of storytelling done before and sometimes better, I found it enjoyable and interesting to a point. The different types of monsters and their powers made the fights intriguing, even if they were repetitive. Most of the fighting was done by unofficial girlfriend Moka, which is a shame because they could have used some tactics. Luckily, some opposition becomes strong enough that teamwork is needed to beat them, which is nice. Another interesting aspect is how it tackles racial themes of human and monster coexistence, although it could have been done better if they delved deeper instead of using it for nakama speeches and power-ups. The relationship slowly developing between Tsukune and Moka is also strong, starting naturally without the typical 'we can never love each other' trope.

Characters: 6/10

The main character, Tsukune, starts off like most harem protagonists: not much personality, just an average Joe. But he undergoes slow character development, gradually becoming more useful and alpha. His inner conflict about craving Moka's blood could have been explored more deeply, but it wasn't brought up again. The side characters are initially generic stereotypes, but they also get some fleshing out and development, making them two-dimensional at least. They're quite fun as well. For example, there's a succubus character who loves Tsukune but refuses to use her powers to win him over, believing it's unfair to the other girls and wanting to win him with love. This adds depth and reason to her actions. The character interactions are also funny to watch. However, most villains are very one-note, so don't expect good villains.

Art: 7/10

The artwork started off poorly, looking very cartoonish, but it improves over time, becoming detailed, sharp, and clear. It has some good fight scenes as well, following a very shounen art style. The character designs are somewhat fetish-based, but the monster designs stand out as very well-done, showing the creator had fun bringing them to life.

Enjoyment: 7/10

Even though I found this to be quite generic, I must admit I liked it because the story had some magic to it. The whole school-for-monsters concept reminded me of Hogwarts from Harry Potter, making it an interesting setting for a school battle harem.

Overall: 6/10

Overall, even though this is a generic harem story, it's probably one of the better ones out there. If you like battle shounen, harems, and supernatural stories, you'll probably enjoy this one. If you're not into harems, you won't enjoy it as much, and there are other stories that do everything this one does but better.

Rosario+Vampire, in manga form, represents one of my favorite genres that I've personally dubbed. It might sound harsh at first glance, but the explanation will make a lot more sense as we proceed.

Rosario to Vampire Season I is mistake fiction. This manga, for all intents and purposes, is a haphazard creation that's clearly carried by improvisation and hope pretty early on into the story. It's amateurish, naive, and it's pretty clear that it's the creator's first full story. And that's amazing because you get to watch not only as the creator becomes more adept at storytelling and character development but also as he enhances the quality of the art.

Something R+V has over many other harem and harem-esque series is that not only does the main character develop a decent personality after some time, but the girls all have their own interpersonal relationships independent of their connection with the main character. Thus, there's a genuine rapport built among the entire cast, making moments leading to traditional "we're friends, aren't we?" instances reasonable and even heartwarming. This includes a genuinely heart-wrenching moment between the main character and his primary love interest in the final volume. Oh, and the 12-year-old character isn't constantly sexualized. Seriously, that's commendable.

The way the story begins is incredibly shallow. It's typical harem trash, monster of the week, heterosexual to the max. But as time progresses, they add a few interesting layers, including some genuinely intriguing commentary on othering, the concept of blood purity, and how racism can fester even within groups hated by others.

And the art, oh god, the art. Ikeda transitions from an admittedly charming, cutesy style to this gripping, realistic, and breathtaking artwork with incredible kinetic energy in fight scenes and a great eye for detail. The way this man shades with his pen will leave me in awe for decades to come.

It still has some issues; the story can be a bit standard, the characters don't gain much depth compared to the latter half of the manga, and it occasionally suffers from tone problems. BUT, all things considered, it could have turned out far worse given its start. As I mentioned earlier, it's mistake fiction. It's amazing what kind of quality can emerge from works created spontaneously and with the mind of a newcomer.

I keep asking myself why didn't I read this sooner?! Actually, I know why: because of a silly reason. While browsing the database of one of my favorite manga websites, I stumbled upon this manga. The title was good, the summary was good, everything was good except for the "ecchi" part included in the genre tags. So I just thought to myself: nah! I'm not in the mood for reading ecchi stuff. This is for boys, maybe some other time... So I kept on avoiding Rosario + Vampire (actually, those ecchi elements are barely noticeable; they're not even worth being called ecchi, so I avoided this manga basically for nothing XD). But after continuously hearing and reading about it almost everywhere, I decided to finally give it a try.

STORY: This might be the only weak point of this manga. However, even if the story is more or less a cliché (vampires + monster school + hero with no power whatsoever/hidden powers - basically elements we encounter in many other manga), the author's style and superb art transform this average story into an unforgettable experience! Moreover, I can't find even a single detail that I don't like about this story. The adventure is harmoniously combined with romance, comedy, and a lot of supernatural elements, offering the reader the chance to experience a wide range of emotions: delight, suspense, curiosity, impatience, happiness, etc. Truly, a fascinating and pleasant story.

ART: Just as I mentioned earlier, the art is absolutely impeccable. The characters are superbly drawn in extremely varied situations: while fooling around, while being nervous, angered, worried, while fighting, while expressing their feelings, and so on. There isn't a moment when the characters aren't expressive. On the contrary, their emotions are so easy to read that the reader himself will be immersed in the story without even realizing it.

CHARACTERS: This somehow reminds me of the harem genre. An average boy, with no particular qualities - besides being kind-hearted and a loyal friend - surrounded by plenty of beautiful and talented women - and even a 13-year-old girl. Of course, he is in love with the most beautiful and powerful of them all ("know your place!" I would say if I were Moka XD). But, of course, Moka also likes him a lot, so they go through all hardships together. What a perfect couple! The other girls are fun too. You'll definitely like them! And they all fight for his sake... What a lucky guy, isn't he? XD

ENJOYMENT: I can't find enough words to describe how much I enjoyed this manga! If there were higher marks than 10, I would surely give the highest to Rosario to Vampire, but since 10 is the only mark possible, then I'll give this manga a 10+ for enjoyment ^_^

As a conclusion, whether you like shounen manga, shoujo manga, supernatural manga, or whatever other genre, you should at least TRY to read Rosario to Vampire. I guarantee you will be so into it that you'll read it in no time. I think this is a manga that will suit anyone's tastes.

Ok, I don't usually say this about many mangas, but...... ROSARIO VAMPIRE ROCKS!!! It has a perfect blend of adult humor, immature humor, comedy, action, and storyline!! The only downside to this manga is that the battles between Moka and the monsters all end the same. It's always the same routine: she has her rosario pulled off, Tsukune is almost dead, Moka bites him and infuses her blood, Tsukune turns into a rampaging human-vampire hybrid, he punches the monster, blood comes out of their mouths, and it just repeats over and over!!! But other than that, the art, story, and characters are totally awesome. If you enjoy Ikki Tousen or any teenage type manga or anime, I recommend Rosario Vampire.

I absolutely adore this story. I wish I had discovered it much earlier. Initially, I came across it and thought it seemed okay, but I just ignored it. While I was reading other manga or watching anime, I eventually got bored after finishing most of them. Then, I finally decided to give this one a chance. Once I read the first chapter, I fell in love with the story immediately.

It was fascinating how a normal human like Tsukune fell in love with Moka, the vampire, at first glance—or more accurately, at first bite, haha. As the story progressed, he started collecting other girls along the way: Kurumu, the succubus; Yukari, the little witch genius who liked both Tsukune and Moka; Mizore, the snow woman who became Tsukune's personal stalker; and Ruby, who came to Yokai Academy just to be near Tsukune.

This story is simply amazing, and so is its second part. It's such an engaging and delightful narrative that keeps you hooked from start to finish. The characters are well-developed, and their relationships add layers of complexity and charm to the plot. Truly, this is one of those stories that leaves a lasting impression on its readers.

A good friend recommended this manga to me months ago, mentioning its various elements like vampires, monsters, and a school setting. It reminded me of the American hit "Buffy the Vampire Slayer," which I enjoyed for its well-executed action sub-genre. However, my expectations were tempered by my bad experience with another series that mishandled similar concepts: the Twilight series. Honestly, I despise it for its emo vampires, laughable werewolves, and just plain awful characters and themes.

When I decided to start reading the manga, I was very cautious. By the time I finished, I had mixed feelings about it.

The big question I had when starting was whether Moka, the main character, is actually a vampire. Thankfully, she is... kind of. She's no Edward Cullen, but she also isn't on Alucard's level from Hellsing, who embodies a classic vampire. Spoilers ahead!

When Tsukune and Moka meet, the writer uses a clever gag where Moka bites Tsukune's neck in a comedic way, making it first appear as though she's going to embrace him. This scene repeats throughout the series, forming one of the best running gags I've seen. It's funny and twists traditional vampire traits nicely.

Moka's true vampire form is sealed within a rosary, which adds points for using vampire mythology creatively. But let's dive into other issues now.

Tsukune, the only human in a monster-filled school, often faces life-threatening situations. Despite being human, he thinks he can be a hero or human shield. If I didn’t know better, I’d think he had a death wish. He seems unfazed by daily attacks, whereas I'd run home crying if I were him. His relationship with Moka seems to make everything better, but it's just silly writing.

Tsukune’s behavior attracts a harem of female monsters. Kurumu, a succubus, constantly exposes herself whenever Moka and Tsukune share a moment. Yukari, a witch, is the loli of the group. Mizore, an ice-powered being, acts more like a stalker, though her randomness does make me chuckle.

Despite initially opposing each other, they eventually become friends. But they still compete for Tsukune, bickering instead of getting over their feelings for him. It’s clear Moka and Tsukune will end up together, so the other characters’ actions feel like hindrances. The attempts at humor in the harem concept fell flat for me.

The plot, or lack thereof, is repetitive. Each chapter follows the same formulaic pattern with generic villains, dull combat, and predictable outcomes. Inner Moka's fights are instant knockouts, sometimes feeling more like fan service than actual battles.

On the positive side, the monster designs are quite good, drawing from various mythologies worldwide. This is one of the few things I liked about the series. Even when it improves slightly, it remains average and predictable. Moka is the only character I genuinely liked. It's a shame it wasn't enough to compensate for a series that ranges from average to terrible and annoying.

I must say, I delved into the Rosario+Vampire anime prior to exploring its manga counterpart, setting a certain expectation in my mind. At its core, Rosario+Vampire narrates the tale of Aono Tsukune, an ordinary human boy who, after failing to secure admission into conventional high schools, finds himself enrolled in Youkai Academy—a school for monsters, shielded by a formidable barrier that should prevent humans from entering. The mystery behind Tsukune's ability to breach this barrier adds an intriguing layer to the story.

As we venture further, the plot introduces us to Akashiya Moka, a stunning vampire whom Tsukune encounters right at the start. They quickly form a bond. Contrary to typical vampire lore, Moka isn't the bloodthirsty type. Her immense S-class powers are restrained by a silver cross around her neck, transforming both her appearance and demeanor into those of a charming, almost perfect girl.

The storyline (8) is packed with action, showcasing an array of supernatural abilities possessed by various monsters, often injected with humor. While it might not score higher due to its slice-of-life genre conventions, the narrative remains captivating. It's more character-driven than plot-focused, as Tsukune gradually builds relationships with other girls who initially appear as adversaries or strangers but eventually fall for him.

The characters (10) are exceptionally entertaining, allowing me to connect with them swiftly. This setup can be described as a "guy and his harem," given the constant presence of female companions around Tsukune. Our protagonist is a caring individual with a strong resolve and significant potential. Despite being the only human in a school full of monsters, he never shows cowardice.

If you've seen the anime, don't anticipate the same level of romantic atmosphere here. Even though I'm a fan of ecchi content, I found the manga more enjoyable. The story unfolds more coherently in the manga, with events presented in a better sequence. Overall, my rating stands at (9).

I write this review with a clear purpose: This is not your usual harem ecchi rom-com like Love Hina or To Love-Ru.

I am unsure about the anime version, but I am impressed with the story and its progression, albeit with some reservations.

[Story: 7/10]

Like most harem ecchi rom-coms, the story isn't stellar. Honestly, the manga leans more towards shounen, focusing on adventure rather than explicit ecchi content. What's refreshing is the comedic presentation and the "fight against stronger monsters using teamwork" theme. The way monsters were presented was intriguing, although I'm uncertain about the factual accuracy.

Overall, the story is coherent, except for some villains who appeared once and never again, despite seeming integral initially, with little explanation of their whereabouts later on.

[Art: 8/10]

Initially, I wasn't fond of the main characters' designs, and the background lacked details at times. However, the action scenes and character expressions were impressive. Each character had distinct designs, making differentiation easy. There were some inconsistencies in character drawings, but overall, the art improved significantly from the first chapters.

[Character: 8/10]

Regarding characters, there are two aspects I want to cover: personalities and development.

The characters have diverse personalities, each serving a role in the manga, whether for comic relief, romance, or other purposes. Their interactions while facing challenges are exciting because none of them is overpowered without weaknesses. They need each other in a meaningful way that avoids superficial rivalry. It's refreshing to see friendship emphasized instead of harem conflicts.

In terms of development, it's decent but could be better since only some main characters' histories were explored. Still, their actions reveal their true nature. Tsukune's development stands out, characteristic of shounen mangas.

[Enjoyment: 10/10]

This manga evokes sweet, bitter, and yearning emotions, making you eager for the next chapter. It’s not heavy on ecchi; unlike To Love-Ru and Love Hina, it lacks many "accidents." Miraculous coincidences seem plausible enough not to feel silly (or as I call it, miracles by the author's hand).

[Overall: 8/10]

This is a shounen harem with bits of romance and ecchi elements. Any power-ups here seem more plausible than Luffy's Second and Third Gear, considering the drawbacks.

That's all. Enjoy reading XD.

Ah, Rosario+Vampire. My first encounter with this series was a sour one, mainly because I watched both seasons of the anime version first. It didn't really impress me since it felt like your stereotypical harem anime, which made me facepalm more than once. Afterward, I was curious to see if the source material was any better (i.e., the manga) and I have to say, this is what the anime "SHOULD" have been. The story was good, the fights were well done, and even the characters are better portrayed here. So without further ado, here's my review.

The Story:

The story begins with an ordinary human boy named Tsukune Aono who accidentally attends Youkai Academy, a private school for monsters. There he must keep his true identity a secret to survive because if anyone finds out that he is indeed human, he'll be killed on the spot. Luckily, he makes some new friends (who happen to be beautiful girls who all fall for him) that fight alongside him. One of his new friends, Moka Akashiya, happens to be the legendary monster, a Vampire. The whole setting for this story was really well-made in my opinion and included some interesting monster facts I didn't know about. The relationships Tsukune has with his friends are relatively strong, especially with Moka. Each challenge they faced was tough but they managed to find a way through. If I had to give any flaws, it would be that the first few chapters can take a while to get up to speed, some of the fights can end abruptly, and Tsukune and Moka can misunderstand each other a lot under certain circumstances. But overall, the story is good so I can't complain.

The Art:

In the first few chapters of this series, I found the art to be good but nothing spectacular. As I read more chapters though, the art got better and better, especially with the characters and battle scenes. For instance, the characters' faces early on were nicely drawn, but in later chapters, each character had much more emotion in their faces, making it easier to tell what they're going through. Although the battle scenes were the most unique. They had such good angles and foreshortening on characters' arms and legs that it was really nice to look at. I really give props to the mangaka for that.

The Characters:

Here I would like to talk about each of the main characters of this series one at a time (this part may take a while, sorry)....

Tsukune Aono: At first, he doesn't do much except shield his friends so he can protect them and remove Moka's rosary to awaken her Vampire powers. However, by chapter 10, he really starts to man up and eventually becomes a bad-ass with powers of his own. I really grew to like his character throughout the series, and additionally, he really likes Moka and tries to spend every moment with her.

Moka Akashiya: Now there are two sides to Moka in Rosario+Vampire. The pink-haired Moka is the one who first meets Tsukune and is very nice, smart, and considered to be the most beautiful girl at Youkai Academy. She quickly befriends Tsukune and tells him that she is a Vampire, however, her Vampire powers are sealed away due to the rosary that she wears around her neck. She can't take it off herself, but it turns out that Tsukune is the only one who can. When it does come off, the pink-haired Moka transforms into her true Vampire form complete with red eyes and silver hair. The silver-haired Moka can kick your ass very quickly and tends to be more violent. I liked both Mokas; pink-haired Moka shows that she truly cares for Tsukune and her friends, and silver-haired Moka is such a bad-ass.

Kurumu Kurono: She might be the most energetic of the group and is also a Succubus. She was OK when she was first introduced but soon I grew to like her too when she started to trust her friendship with Tsukune, Moka, and the others. She can hold her own in a fight when needed. She really likes Tsukune and often tries the most to win over his affections throughout the series.

Yukari Sendou: The youngest of the group since she is a genius student who skipped a few grades. She is also a Witch who can use magical attacks such as tarot cards and most commonly a washtub that she uses to drop on people's heads (mostly for comic relief). Not only does she really like Tsukune but also really likes Moka too and claims she wants to be with both of them. She may be my least favorite in the series, but she is likable and plus she's really funny when she picks fights with Kurumu.

Ruby Toujo: Another Witch who at first was an enemy that hated all humans but thanks to Tsukune and company, she becomes their ally and friend. I don't have much to say about her without giving away spoilers except that she does see Yukari as a very good Witch friend and she too really likes Tsukune. And unlike Yukari, I liked her a lot and found her to be a better Witch.

Mizore Shirayuki: Without a doubt, my favorite character in the Manga. She is a Yuki-onna (Snow Woman) who can freeze water into ice and can use ice and snow as a weapon. She can also create ice clones of herself and others. She is always seen with a lollipop, and like every other main girl, she really likes Tsukune. So much so that she stalks Tsukune everywhere he goes from behind trees, bushes, etc. She often freezes any of the other girls who tend to get too close to him. Plus, she seems to be the only one who can tell how Tsukune is feeling and would do anything for him to see him happy, even if it's not what she really wants in the end. Clearly, that is enough to make her my favorite character.

Now there are some supporting characters that were good, but the only one I'll mention here is the Bus Driver on account that he was very mysterious and really cool.

Enjoyment:

It took a couple of chapters for me to really start enjoying this Manga, but I feel it succeeded during chapter 10. There were moments that I found it to be funny at times. The main characters were likable throughout the series, and I enjoyed how they overcome many obstacles. Plus, the art was very nice to look at from time to time.

Overall:

I may not like the Anime, but the Rosario+Vampire Manga is a very good read. It may start off kind of slow, but give it time, and it will reward you with a good story, good battle scenes, and likable characters. So if you enjoy your Mangas with Monsters, Werewolves, Witches, Lizard Creatures, and of course Vampires, then give this one a shot. It may be right up your alley.

Final Score Card:

Story: 7/10
Art: 8/10
Characters: 8/10
Enjoyment: 8/10

Overall: 8/10

So I entered into this expecting a story more centered around Monster High School. However, I was disappointed to find it more of a drama-filled narrative.

This isn't to say it's a bad story; some of the drama is decent. But if I recall correctly, we don't get a single chapter without some evil scheme or significant event happening, except maybe towards the end.

The story also lacks consistency. We have Moka, the main female lead, who is one of the most powerful individuals in the school of monsters. Yet, we see scenes where she struggles with situations or gets easily defeated. There are numerous instances where rape almost occurs involving her, which became very distracting and annoying for me.

Another irritating aspect is the Rosario. It's one of the worst plot devices in this story. This item constantly makes bad situations even worse because Moka has it. The gimmick is that when the Rosario is on, we have the main character who is just a bit stronger than normal humans. For some reason, she limits herself by wearing it, and then we get her second half, which has all the power and can beat almost anything.

The Rosario was unnecessary and hinders the actual story. I could delve deeper into why the Rosario shouldn't exist, but I'm trying to keep this brief.

Then there's the main character, Tsukune. He's an alright character who turns into a generic Japanese schoolboy with girls chasing after him. He’s the only one able to take off the Rosario, as mentioned before. He also falls victim to power creep. Initially, it was nice having the MC mostly out of his league with all the monsters around him. But in later chapters, he starts becoming really strong and kind of annoying. Thankfully, in some final chapters, this seems forgotten.

Lastly, the story starts dragging near the end. Personally, I believe chapter 18 or 20 is where it starts getting ridiculous with its events, like giant sunflowers attacking a city. But thankfully, around chapter 35 or 34, the story gets back on track and doesn’t have these serious plots involving the fate of humans and monsters. We get more laid-back and funny plots for the rest of the story.

Overall, I wish the story wasn’t so drama-oriented and didn’t turn into such a cliché harem type of thing. But it’s still kind of fun to read.