I've read the whole series and can probably answer any questions you have that aren't covered in that other thread. For now...
Yes, she gets married at the very end of the series. Her romance doesn't start till part 2 (where the translations have just reached) but is moderately central to a lot of the story. There's a lot of cute romantic fanart on Pixiv. Maine's a bit of a dunce and doesn't even realize she's in love, though.
Yeah, she learns a lot of magic. She never really gets super good at fighting with it, mostly because she never fully shakes her sickly constitution. A lot of the magic in bookworm is rather unique, but she does have a magic wand, flies around, makes big lightshows, etc. Her main feature is that she has ridiculously large amounts of magic power and her time in the Temple lets her use some techniques that are not commonly known. In RPG terms she seems a bit more like a priestess or shrine maiden than a mage or wizard.
There is absolutely a school arc. She starts going to school in the 4th arc and continues to go there at the end of the series. The 4th and the 5th arcs are longer than the first three. They make up about half the series, and it's also around that point that the series went from good to great, and it was around that point that it started getting really popular in Japan.
The school arc is basically Hogwarts only everyone there is nobility, so it's much more high-society with tea parties, arranged marriages, political intrigue and such. There's even a sort of quidditch-like sport called "ditter". Instead of school houses or whatever like in Harry Potter, students are divided based on the feudal territory they came from, and interactions within the school affect and are affected by adult politics and the relations of the various regions, who don't talk to each other that often outside of the school. Maine gets into various antics involving the library and various nobles way above her station.
Anything else you wanna know?